Track Categories
The track category is the heading under which your abstract will be reviewed and later published in the conference printed matters if accepted. During the submission process, you will be asked to select one track category for your abstract.
Lung diseases are disorders or infections that affect the lungs and cause breathing problems. Some can lead to respiratory failure. The term lung disease refers to many disorders affecting the lungs, such as asthma, COPD, infections like influenza, pneumonia and tuberculosis, lung cancer, and many other breathing problems. Some lung diseases can lead to respiratory failure.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. Symptoms include breathing difficulty, cough, mucus production and wheezing. It's caused by long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter, most often from cigarette smoke. People with COPD are at increased risk of developing heart disease, lung cancer and a variety of other conditions. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the two most common conditions that contribute to COPD. The inflamed bronchial tubes produce a lot of mucus. This leads to coughing and difficulty breathing. It's characterized by a daily cough and mucus production.
Asthma is one of the chronic disease involving the airway in lungs. This airway is called as bronchial tubes, allow air to come in and out of the lungs. In this asthma condition, your airway gets narrow and it will produce extra mucus. So that it can make breathing difficult and trigger coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath. it can be a major problem that interferes with daily activities and may lead to a life-threatening asthma attack. Asthma can't be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. Because of asthma often changes over time, it's important that we need to track our signs and symptoms and adjust treatment as needed. Asthma causes difficulty in breathing that often results from an allergic reaction. when it comes to COPD both are chronic inflammatory diseases that include the little airway routes and cause airflow impediment, both result from gene-environment communications and both are typically characterized by mucus and bronchoconstriction.
Stage 1 or intermittent asthma: This group of children has symptoms no more than two times a week, do not have problems in-between flare-ups, and only have short flare-ups from a few hours to a few days. Nighttime symptoms occur less than two times a month.
Stage 2 or mild persistent: This group of children has symptoms more than two times a week, but not daily, and may have activity levels affected by the flare-ups. Nighttime symptoms occur greater than two times a month, but no more than once per week.
Stage 3 or moderate persistent: This group of children has symptoms every day, use their rescue medication every day and may have activity levels affected by the flare-ups. Nighttime symptoms occur greater than one time a week.
Stage 4 or severe persistent: This group of children has symptoms multiple times per day, have a decrease in their physical activity and have frequent flare-ups. Nighttime symptoms occur frequently.
Bronchial asthma is a resistant interceded issue described by reversible aviation route irritation, mucous discharge, and a variable stream of air deterring with aviation route hyperresponsiveness. Allergen presentation prompts the initiation of different cells of the framework, of those dendritic cells and Th2 lymphocytes are of principal significance. Even though the epithelium was at first considered to work independently as a physical boundary, it is as of now detectable that it assumes a focal part in the Th2-cell refinement process because of its possibility to initiate dendritic cells. Pole cells and eosinophil were at first accepted to assume a key part in driving the aviation route irritation related to asthma, new information infer that T partner cells are basic. It has been demonstrated that hypersensitive asthma is related with expanded TH2 cytokine generation that causes initiation of eosinophils and T-cells and creation of chemokine by aspiratory fibroblasts.
Pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is that chronic airflow limitation results from an abnormal inflammatory response to inhaled particles and gases in the lung. Basically, it has characterized, inflammation in the peripheral airspaces in different stages of disease severity. The first is a Protease-Antiprotease imbalance, which has been linked to the pathogenesis of emphysema. The second process, oxidative stress, has a role in many of the pathogenic processes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and may be one mechanism that enhances the inflammatory response.
Lung Inflammation is characterized by COPD, which intensifies with disease progression Lung or bronchial biopsies and induced sputum have shown evidence of lung inflammation in all cigarette smokers. However, it appears that an enhanced or abnormal inflammatory response to inhaled particles or gases, beyond the normal protective inflammatory response in the lungs, is a characteristic feature of COPD and has the potential to produce lung injury.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is responsible for early mortality, high death rates and significant cost to health systems. Active smoking remains the main risk factor, but other factors are becoming better known, such as occupational factors, infections and the role of air pollution. Prevalence of COPD varies according to the country, age and sex. This disease is also associated with significant comorbidities. COPD is a disorder that includes various phenotypes, the continuum of which remains under debate. The major challenge in the coming years will be to prevent the onset of smoking along with early detection of the disease in the general population. This may represent deterioration in the patient's premorbid condition such that hypoxemia worsens and hypercapnia develops during a relatively trivial respiratory tract infection, which may be viral or bacterial.
Exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined as an event in the natural course of the disease that is characterized by a change in the patient's baseline dyspnoea, cough, or sputum beyond day-to-day variability. An acute exacerbation of COPD is associated with increased frequency and severity of coughing. COPD Exacerbation is also called in Acute Exacerbations Of Chronic Bronchitis (AECB) is a sudden worsening of COPD symptoms that typically last for several days. There is often weakness, fever, and chills. If due to a bacterial infection, the sputum may be slightly streaked with blood and coloured yellow or green. Oxygen therapy should be initiated if there is significantly low blood oxygen. High flow oxygen may be harmful in those with an acute exacerbation of COPD.
Pulmonary therapies are known as exercises and treatments designed to help patients maintain and recover lung function, such as with cystic fibrosis and after surgery. Also used for COPD and asthma.
Respiratory Therapy is a specialized healthcare training in pulmonary medicine in order to work therapeutically with people suffering from pulmonary disease.
Patients who struggle with advanced COPD and acute or chronic respiratory failure are at high risk for death. Beyond pharmacological treatment, supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilation are major treatment options. If your lungs fail to do their job passing oxygen into your bloodstream and removing carbon dioxide. It can be a complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).In respiratory failure, the gas exchange doesn't work the way it's supposed to work, and the cells in your body start to suffer from a lack of oxygen, too much carbon dioxide, or both. Too much carbon dioxide can disrupt the acid-base balance in the body, which in itself can lead to respiratory failure.
The Bronchoconstriction in COPD will take place when the autonomic nervous system regulates the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle thus controlling the diameter of the bronchioles, the rate of breathing and regulating the rate of airflow. The autonomic nervous system is further divided into the sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system. In the respiratory system, the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems have opposing actions. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system causes the smooth muscle of the bronchi and bronchioles to relax, causing bronchodilation, whereas stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system causes smooth muscle to contract, leading to bronchoconstriction Bronchodilators improve the airflow limitation observed in patients with COPD by producing airway smooth muscle relaxation, although beta ‘agonists and anticholinergics achieve this effect through different mechanisms.
Basically, the pathophysiology of COPD is rapidly unveiling. There will be some physiological change which eventually impacts the quality of life and survival in the natural progress of COPD when The pathological consequences of the COPD inflammation induce series of physiological changes. Fibrotic remodelling of the airways results in fixed airway narrowing causing increased airway resistance which does not fully revert even with bronchodilators. Emphysema also reduces lung elastic recoil pressure which leads to a reduced driving pressure for expiratory flow through narrowed and poorly supported airways in which airflow resistance is significantly increased.
Medication always plays a key part in how well you control your condition. There are two principle kinds of treatment, each designed for a objective. Controller pharmaceuticals are the most essential since they avert asthma assaults. When you utilize these medications, your aviation routes are less aggravated and more averse to respond to triggers. If you need to utilize a safeguard drug more than two times per week, your asthma isn't very much controlled. The correct pharmaceutical ought to enable you to carry on with a functioning and ordinary life. On the off chance that your asthma side effects aren't controlled, request that your specialist enable you to locate an alternate treatment that works better.
Treatment is depending upon the type of disease and stages. Either it will be treated in the surgical or non-surgical method, when it comes to the surgical process some of the treatments are lung transplant, Lung volume reduction surgery, and Bullectomy, another type is known a non-surgical process here, Airway clearance therapy, Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Vaccines, and antibiotics.
Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease have to acquire and the skills they need to carry out disease, Self-management in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cantering on an action plan for the exacerbation and enhanced communication between the patient and healthcare providers, makes good clinical sense. Only two demonstrated reductions in health care utilization and one had to be discontinued prematurely because of increased mortality. Breathing techniques that can help you get the air you need without working so hard to breathe, Our primary objective was to assess the long-term effects of two different modes of COPD disease management comprehensive self-management and routine monitoring on quality of life in COPD patients in general practice. As secondary objectives, we assessed the effects on frequency and patients’ management of exacerbations and on self-efficacy. A systematic review of self-management in COPD concluded that it reduces hospital admissions and has no detrimental effects.
Nowadays patients with Respiratory diseases use various devices, which help the removal of mucus from the Airways and the improvement of pulmonary function.Routine respiratory organ performs and metabolism muscle testing are suggested in youngsters with Neuromuscular Disease, however, these tests are supported non-invasive voluntary maneuvers, like the measuring of respiratory organ volumes and supreme static pressures, which young youngsters might not forever be able to perform.Basically before the treatment Observation metabolism muscles in youngsters with NMD might improve understanding of the explanation of NMD and therefore the analysis of sickness severity. Nowadays devices seem to increase patients' compliance with daily treatment, because they present many benefits, as an independent application, full control of therapy and easy use.
The Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine provides comprehensive care to infants, children, and adults with a full spectrum of respiratory disorders. Care is guided in all age groups by the routine measurements of lung function. This department also provides the teaching and training in Pediatric pulmonology for diagnosing and treating the various disorders. mostly various pulmonary disorders are treated with the help of ventilation machines and medications.